mohammad hossein papoli yazdi
Abstract
Undoubtedly, the most important task in traditional animal husbandry is the responsibility of the shepherd, because traditional animal husbandry is not possible without the shepherd. In recent years, shepherds, especially good shepherds, have become rare, and because of this, animal husbandry is ...
Read More
Undoubtedly, the most important task in traditional animal husbandry is the responsibility of the shepherd, because traditional animal husbandry is not possible without the shepherd. In recent years, shepherds, especially good shepherds, have become rare, and because of this, animal husbandry is facing major problems. The author knows cattle farmers who have abandoned cattle farming due to the lack of shepherds. Those who do not deal with animal husbandry think that anyone can take on the work of a shepherd or that every animal husbandry is a shepherd; While it is possible that someone is among the nomads and has been raising livestock for 50 years, but does not know "shepherding" because shepherding is a specialized work. When the new shepherd leads the herd, the loss of sheep, wolfishness, a decrease in the quality and quantity of milk, oil, wool, skin, meat, and the destruction of the pasture are certain. In traditional livestock farming, the shepherd has an important social role; Mal-Bineh) is. Traditionally, a one-year-old shepherd is taken. Right at the time of formation of the herd and the neighborhood, the shepherd is hired, and all the people of the neighborhood must pay the shepherd''s wages in proportion to the number of their cattle. In this article, an attempt has been made to address the most important development in the relationship between the shepherd and the owners of the sheep, which is the monetization of the shepherd''s wages.
mohammad hossein papoli yazdi; Fatemeh Vosoghi
Abstract
Unlike the motor pump, which is an imported, exported and standard technological phenomenon and has a mass-produced structure and copying, the aqueduct is a traditional and natural phenomenon whose tools are also handmade and belong to the Pre-Modern period. Aqueduct tools are not mass-produced. ...
Read More
Unlike the motor pump, which is an imported, exported and standard technological phenomenon and has a mass-produced structure and copying, the aqueduct is a traditional and natural phenomenon whose tools are also handmade and belong to the Pre-Modern period. Aqueduct tools are not mass-produced. The construction of some aqueduct tools can be done by local experts, but the construction of some aqueduct tools requires more specialty, expertise and responsibility, and cannot be produced in the same village, region and city where the aqueduct is located. That is, the production of aqueduct tools is divided into three general categories: First, the tools on which the health and lives of Muqni and his colleagues depend, and when a problem arises in those tools, people's lives are endangered. The second oneis the tools that, despite their great importance, the problem in them does not directly and immediately endanger the lives of people, and the thirdone is the tools that are installed in the aqueduct for a long time. This article is not intended to explain how to build tools in this chain because others have explained enough about them; the purpose here is to explain the cultural and civilizational understanding of these tools and to ask questions in this regard.
mohammad hossein papoli yazdi; Abbas Jalali
Abstract
Rural issues are very complex and deep issues, most of which are penetrated by the socio-economic-cultural structure of the villages and become part of the rural living and livelihood components. If you look at the rural issues with a simple, one-way perspective (eg, purely economic), you will ...
Read More
Rural issues are very complex and deep issues, most of which are penetrated by the socio-economic-cultural structure of the villages and become part of the rural living and livelihood components. If you look at the rural issues with a simple, one-way perspective (eg, purely economic), you will not be able to understand their depth. Behind many of the idioms and words of the village lies a lot of deep-rooted culture. The current materialist world, and those who see the world, the city, the countryside, and the nomads as merely economic, statistical, rational, and statistical accounts, and seek development and growth through mere figures, are doomed to naivety and simplism. If all things, especially cultural-social relations, were viewed with pure economic vision, the culture of the superior economy would gradually overshadow the whole world. It will lead to nonsense, the absurdity and the unity of life everywhere and everywhere. Walnuts are a word and a fruit. In the statistics books against the word walnut, a few more figures are not mentioned. For example, Iran's walnut production in the year 1367 was 55 thousand tons or its production in Khorasan in the years 1372 and 1373 was 6613 and 4952 tons, respectively. But walnuts, especially in mountainous areas (such as dates in warm regions and olives in the Mediterranean), are an important cultural and social factor that has a very long history. Those who are familiar with the school of construction or structuralism know what part of being a constituent means.
